By Latha Raja Shankar, M.D., VP of Enterprise Quality, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of New Mexico
September is Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, a time to learn about one of the most common cancers affecting men. While prostate cancer is highly treatable when detected early, many men do not experience symptoms in the early stages. Understanding your risk and knowing what to watch for can make a significant difference.
The prostate is a small gland located below the bladder that plays an important role in the male reproductive system. As men age, changes in the prostate are common. While many prostate issues are not cancerous, it’s important to discuss any urinary changes with your health care provider.
Who Is at Risk?
The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, especially after age 50. Other risk factors include:
- A family history of prostate cancer
- African American ancestry
- Obesity
- Certain inherited genetic mutations
Signs and Symptoms
Early prostate cancer often causes no symptoms. As the disease progresses, some men may experience:
- Difficulty starting or stopping urination
- A weak or interrupted urine stream
- Frequent urination, especially at night
- Pain or burning during urination
- Blood in the urine or semen
- Erectile dysfunction
- Pain in the hips, pelvis, back or other bones
Keep in mind that these symptoms can also be caused by noncancerous conditions, such as an enlarged prostate. However, they should never be ignored.
Can Prostate Cancer Be Prevented?
There is no guaranteed way to prevent prostate cancer, but healthy lifestyle choices may help lower risk and support overall health.
Consider these tips:
- Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins.
- Maintain a healthy weight through regular physical activity.
- Limit processed foods and foods high in saturated fats.
- Avoid tobacco products and limit alcohol consumption.
- Stay connected with your primary care provider and discuss your personal risk factors.
The Importance of Screening
Screening for prostate cancer may include a prostate-specific antigen blood test and, in some cases, a physical examination. Screening recommendations vary based on age, overall health, family history and individual risk factors. Talk with your health care provider about whether prostate cancer screening is right for you.
The good news is that many prostate cancers grow slowly and can be treated successfully when detected early. Paying attention to changes in your body, maintaining healthy habits and having regular conversations with your health care provider are important steps toward protecting your health.
Awareness is one of the best tools we have. If you have questions about prostate cancer or your risk factors, don’t wait to start the conversation. Learn more about staying healthy as you age at connect.bcbsnm.com.
If you have a health question that you would like to be considered in Ask a Health Care Professional, please email [email protected]. BCBSNM will select questions that may appear. Questions will not be personally answered. The opinions expressed in this column are solely those of the author and not necessarily those of BCBSNM. This column is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical care.
