By Latha Raja Shankar, M.D., Chief Medical Officer and VP of Health Care Delivery, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of New Mexico
Arthritis is a common condition that affects millions of older adults, yet many misconceptions persist about what it is and how it can be managed. As we age, understanding arthritis and adopting strategies to prevent or reduce its impact can help us stay active and independent longer.
What is Arthritis?
Arthritis is not a single disease, but a term used to describe joint pain or joint disease. The most common type is osteoarthritis, which occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of your bones wears down over time. Other types include rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune condition, and gout, which is caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints.
Who is Affected?
While arthritis can affect people of all ages, it is most prevalent in adults over 50. Women are more likely than men to develop most types of arthritis. Risk factors include age, genetics, previous joint injuries, obesity and certain lifestyle factors, such as low physical activity.
How Does Arthritis Affect Daily Life?
Arthritis causes pain, stiffness, swelling and reduced joint range of motion. These symptoms can make everyday activities like walking, climbing stairs or even opening jars challenging. Over time, untreated arthritis can limit independence and reduce quality of life.
Prevention and Management Tips
The good news is that there are steps you can take to prevent or manage arthritis:
- Stay Active: Regular, low-impact exercise such as walking, swimming or cycling helps keep joints flexible and strengthens the muscles that support them. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week.
- Maintain a Healthy Weight: Extra pounds put added stress on weight-bearing joints, such as the knees and hips. Losing even a small amount of weight can reduce your risk and ease symptoms.
- Protect Your Joints: Use proper body mechanics when lifting or carrying objects. Avoid repetitive motions that strain your joints and take breaks to stretch if you sit or stand for long periods.
- Eat a Balanced Diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean protein can help reduce inflammation. Foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon and walnuts, may also be beneficial.
- Don’t Ignore Pain: Early intervention can prevent further joint damage. If you notice persistent joint pain, swelling or stiffness, consult your health care provider for a diagnosis and personalized management plan.
While arthritis is common among older adults, it doesn’t have to define your golden years. By staying active, maintaining a healthy weight and working with your health care team, you can take charge of your joint health and continue to enjoy life on your terms. Learn more about staying healthy as you age at connect.bcbsnm.com.
If you have a health question that you would like to be considered in Ask a Health Care Professional, please email [email protected]. BCBSNM will select questions that may appear. Questions will not be personally answered. The opinions expressed in this column are solely those of the author and not necessarily those of BCBSNM.
