By Dr. Gerard Muraida,
The National Weather Service explains that as winter weather patterns begin to weaken and warmer air moves into our region, pressure differences between air masses increase. These pressure shifts create stronger and more frequent winds, especially during the transition months of March, April, and early May. For many, these winds usher in some adverse health conditions.
The most common wind-related illnesses include respiratory infections, influenza-like illnesses, and upper respiratory tract infections. Windy conditions also increase the risk for asthma/COPD exacerbations and allergic rhinitis and may even result in dehydration-related conditions. These medical problems are most often seen among outdoor workers, athletes, and travelers exposed to wind, heat, or cold.
During warm weather, winds can promote heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke. The winds in cold weather can lead to cold-related injuries such as hypothermia and frostbite.
Wind also disperses droplets and aerosols, increasing transmission of respiratory viruses, including influenza, when people sneeze and don’t cover their noses and mouths.
In cold and dry conditions, wind exposure may irritate the respiratory tract and increase susceptibility to infections.
Exacerbations of asthma and COPD/emphysema may result from wind-blown allergens, pollutants, and particulate matter. Thunderstorm asthma is a condition whereby wind and rain can break down pollen grains into smaller particles, leading to asthma problems.
As temperatures climb, heat-related illnesses due to increased use of evaporative cooling can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. If severe enough, heat stroke can develop. This is a potentially fatal condition characterized by high body temperature, confusion, and organ failure.
To mitigate wind-related illnesses, take precautionary measures, such as limiting time outdoors when windy conditions are anticipated. If you must go out, wear temperature-appropriate face coverings, hats, and gloves. Dress in multiple layers and apply sunscreen. Stay hydrated.
Wind in both hot and cold temperatures can hasten dehydration. Pack an extra change of clothes, snacks, routine medications and a cell phone if you plan to be gone for long. Should you decide not to take a buddy with you, consider telling someone about your itinerary.
