What to Know and How to Protect Your Health
By Latha Raja Shankar, M.D., Chief Medical Officer and V.P. of Health Care Delivery, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of New Mexico
March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, a time to build awareness of this often-overlooked disease primarily affecting those over 50. Colorectal cancer, which includes cancer of the colon and rectum, is one of the most common cancers in the United States. The good news is that it can be detected early and often prevented with increased awareness and proactive measures.
What is colorectal cancer?
Colorectal cancer begins in the digestive tract, specifically in the large intestine or rectum. This disease can develop from polyps, which are small growths that can become cancerous over time. The symptoms may vary, but many individuals experience noticeable changes in bowel habits, persistent abdominal discomfort, rectal bleeding and unexplained weight loss. Seniors may attribute these symptoms to aging or other health issues, which is why awareness is so important.
What are the risk factors?
Age is a significant risk factor for colorectal cancer, with 90% of cases occurring in individuals 50 and older. Other factors that may increase risk include a family history of colorectal cancer, a personal history of inflammatory bowel disease, a sedentary lifestyle and a diet high in red or processed meats. By being aware of these risk factors, seniors can better advocate for their health.
Tips for prevention
- Get screened: Regular screening is one of the most effective ways to prevent colorectal cancer. The American Cancer Society recommends that individuals begin screening at age 45; however, those with a family history or other risk factors should consult their health care provider for personalized recommendations.
- Adopt a healthy diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins can significantly lower the risk of colorectal cancer. Aim for a variety of foods high in fiber, promoting digestive health and regular bowel movements. Additionally, the intake of red and processed meats should be limited, as they have been linked to higher cancer risk.
- Stay active: Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining overall health and can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise each week, such as walking, swimming or gardening. Exercise not only helps control weight but also supports digestive health.
- Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity increases the risk of several types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. Keeping a healthy weight through balanced eating and regular exercise can prevent cancer.
- Limit alcohol and quit smoking: Excessive alcohol consumption and tobacco use are both significant risk factors for colorectal cancer. If you drink, do so in moderation, and consider seeking resources to quit smoking if you currently use tobacco products.
- Know your family history: Be proactive in understanding your family health history. Discuss any incidents of colorectal cancer with your health care provider, as this information can guide your screening and preventive strategies.
Colorectal cancer is a serious health concern, particularly for seniors. By understanding the risks and implementing preventive strategies, you can play an active role in your health. Discuss screening options with your health care provider and encourage the loved ones in your life to do the same. Early detection saves lives! Learn more about colorectal cancer at connect.bcbsnm.com.
If you have a health question that you would like to be considered in Ask a Health Care Professional, please email [email protected]. BCBSNM will select questions that may appear. Questions will not be personally answered. The opinions expressed in this column are solely those of the author and not necessarily those of BCBSNM. This column is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical care.
References and resources:
American Association for Cancer Research – March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month
American Cancer Society – Raise Your Awareness About ACS Colorectal Cancer Research
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of New Mexico – Connect Community
