By Dr. Gerard Muraida
By now, leaves have dropped from trees, frigid temperatures are daily occurrences, snow may be falling, homes and stores decorated, and people are gathering to honor the season. However, before you step out to shop or celebrate, take caution to prepare yourself. Hazards that cause falls and injuries are more prevalent this time of year.
Icy paths may not be readily visible and could result in a fall. Falls account for billions of dollars spent on medical treatment annually, according to the American Geriatrics Society. The Mayo Clinic reports that older adults are more likely to fall at any time of year than younger people but even more so during winter months. Seniors are also at greater risk of serious injury if they do experience a fall. Mayo neurosurgeon Jeremy Fogelson reports that the higher fall risk is a direct result of aging since seniors are more likely to have an unsteady gait with less flexible and weaker bones.
The likelihood of more serious injury due to a fall for older adults stems from several factors. Seniors’ bones are more brittle, so hip and arm fractures are more common. Their brain blood vessels become more fragile, making bleeding more likely due to the force of a fall, Fogelson reports. In addition, fall-related brain injuries can be more serious, even life threatening, in seniors due to reduced capacity to recover.
Indeed, if a senior requires hospitalization for a brain injury, other complications may develop, Fogelson has said.
Keep in mind that alcoholic beverages can impair one’s ability to avoid the fall risks. Alcohol and many medications may interact with one other, causing cognitive impairment.
The indoor environment can also pose risks. Be aware of extension cords, tinsel, and tree needles that may have fallen on the floor. They not only present a fall risk but may also be a fire hazard. Some other words of caution:
- Never leave fireplaces, stoves, or candles unattended. Install a smoke detector and carbon monoxide detector in your home. Test them once a month, and replace batteries twice a year.
- Don’t use generators, grills, or other gasoline- or charcoal-burning devices inside your home or garage.
- As we gather indoors more during colder months, airborne illnesses may be unwelcome visitors. Many people may have traveled and cough or sneeze close to you. If tissue isn’t available, sneeze into your sleeve. Wash your hands often for up to 20 seconds, and/or use hand sanitizer frequently.
- New Mexico weather can change rapidly. Dress in layers, with mittens or gloves and head coverings. Plan your outdoor activities for dry, sunny days. Wear sunscreen, sunglasses and reflective outer clothing. Non-skid foot gear is also recommended.
- Get plenty of sleep, and try to keep on a schedule that doesn’t stray too far from your normal routine.
- Drink plenty of water, and avoid excess caffeine and alcohol.
- Designate a driver and/or call for assistance getting home if you drink alcohol.
- Eat sensibly and beware of the sugary treats that lurk around every holiday table.
- Finally, try to be present for each and every moment. Happy holidays.
